PLC Ladder Logic Example – Lighting Control System

In this article, we are going to discuss another PLC ladder logic example of a lighting control system using switches.

A switch is a device used to make or break the connection in an electric circuit. We use switches in our daily life. A common example of a switch is the on/off button in our homes and offices.

In this article, we are going to see how to draw a ladder logic diagram for a lighting control system using PLC. One should note that these are the basic examples of PLC ladder logic examples for PLC ladder logic practices.

Lighting Control System

In this example, we will see to turn the lights of a building, office, or home on and off using switches.

Problem Statement

Draw a ladder logic diagram to turn ON and OFF the lights of an office. Suppose there are 5 rooms on a floor of an office and each room has a switch.

Pressing Switch 1 turns ON the lamps L1, L2, L3, and L4, Pressing Switch 2 turns ON the lamps L5, L6, L7, and L8, Pressing Switch 3 turns ON the lamps L9, L10, L11, and L12, Pressing Switch 4 turns ON the lamps L13, and L14, Pressing Switch 5 turns ON the lamps L15, and L16, and pressing switch 6 will turn OFF all the lamps.

lighting control system

Write down a ladder logic program for the lighting control system.

List of Input and Output Tags

In this example, we have used 6 inputs and 16 outputs. Each input indicates a switch and each output indicates a lamp.

Address Description Type
I0.0 SWITCH 1 INPUT
I0.1 SWITCH 2 INPUT
I0.2 SWITCH 3 INPUT
I0.3 SWITCH 4 INPUT
I0.4 SWITCH 5 INPUT
I0.5 SWITCH 6 INPUT
Q0.0 LAMP 1 OUTPUT
Q0.1 LAMP 2 OUTPUT
Q0.2 LAMP 3 OUTPUT
Q0.3 LAMP 4 OUTPUT
Q0.4 LAMP 5 OUTPUT
Q0.5 LAMP 6 OUTPUT
Q0.6 LAMP 7 OUTPUT
Q0.7 LAMP 8 OUTPUT
Q1.0 LAMP 9 OUTPUT
Q1.1 LAMP 10 OUTPUT
Q1.2 LAMP 11 OUTPUT
Q1.3 LAMP 12 OUTPUT
Q1.4 LAMP 13 OUTPUT
Q1.5 LAMP 14 OUTPUT
Q1.6 LAMP 15 OUTPUT
Q1.7 LAMP 16 OUTPUT

Lighting Control System Ladder Logic Diagram

In this example, we have used Siemens S7-1500 PLC and Siemens TIA portal for programming a ladder logic diagram. The PLC we selected has a work memory of 250 kB, 24 V DC power supply with 24V DC 32 digital inputs, 16 digital outputs, 4 analog inputs, and 2 analog outputs on board.

Switch 1 of the ladder logic diagram of lighting control is shown in the figure below.

Lighting Control System Switch 1
Lighting Control System Switch 1

Switch 1 (N.O) and Switch 6 (N.C) are connected in series, while the output lamps are connected in parallel with each other. When Switch 1 is pressed, it turns ON and the outputs i.e. Lamp 1, Lamp 2, Lamp 3, and Lamp 4 turn ON. If switch 6 is pressed, it will disconnect the supply as switch 6 is N.C. and hence, the output lamps will also turn OFF.

The ladder logic diagram for switch 2 and switch 3 is the same. The figure below shows the ladder logic diagram for switch 2.

Lighting Control System Switch 2
Lighting Control System Switch 2

Switch 2 (N.O) and Switch 6 (N.C) are connected in series, while the output lamps are connected in parallel with each other. When Switch 2 is pressed, it turns ON and the outputs i.e. Lamp 5, Lamp 6, Lamp 7, and Lamp 8 turn ON. If switch 6 is pressed, it will disconnect the supply as switch 6 is N.C. and hence, the output lamps will also turn OFF.

The ladder logic diagram for switch 2 and switch 3 is the same and is shown in the figure below.

Lighting control system Switch 3 and Switch 4
Lighting control system Switch 3 and Switch 4

Switch 4 (N.O) and Switch 6 (N.C) are connected in series, while the output lamps are connected in parallel with each other. When Switch 4 is pressed, it turns ON and the outputs i.e. Lamp 13, and Lamp 14 turn ON. If switch 6 is pressed, it will disconnect the supply as switch 6 is N.C. and hence, the output lamps will also turn OFF.

The full ladder logic program of the problem is shown below.

Lighting Control System - PLC Ladder Logic example
Lighting Control System – PLC Ladder Logic example

Download lighting control system plc program, plc programming examples, and solutions pdf.

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